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What
is limited range of motion?
Range of motion is the distance and direction a joint can move. Limited range of motion is a reduction in a joint’s normal ability to move.
Limted Range of Motion Overview
This link provides a concise overview of limited range of motion, including some possible causes not listed below.
The range of motion of the back/spine is quite complex. The neck (cervical region) can flex and extend (raise and lower the head), flex laterally (tilt the head left and right), and rotate left and right. The middle of the back supports the motion of the neck and lower back, but does not have the same freedom. This thoracic region can flex (bend the shoulders forward), but not extend, and it can rotate left and right, but not to the same degree as the neck. Finally, the lower back (lumbar region) can flex and extend (bend forward and backward), and also can flex laterally.
For the normal ranges of motion of the various spine regions, look at the limits listed in the following form: Spinal Range of Motion
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How
do you know a patient has limted range of motion?
Doctors conduct a physical exam to determine a patient has limited range of motion. Range of motion tests depend on the specific joint being examined.
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Possible Causes
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Science Links
Bones, Muscles and Joints
This link offers a great overview of bones, muscles and joints. It highlights the essential functions of each and how they work together in the musculoskeletal system. This site also has great multi-media diagrams to help you understand the function and structure of the musculoskeletal system.
Joints: How they Work
This article offers a great overview of each of the body’s major joints, including anatomy, how they work and common problems.
Range of Motion: Ankle and Knee
This link provides a good diagram and description of the range of motion in the knee and ankle.
Range of Motion: Hip and Shoulder
This link provides a good diagram of the range of motion in the hip and shoulder.
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